Admission essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Admission - Essay Example One study revealed that nearly three-quarters of college freshmen consider being ‘very well-off financially’ to be a ‘very important’ or ‘essential’ goal† (Bolt, 2004: 124). However, personal experience has taught me that happiness has nothing to do with any of these things. My experience started one day when a friend of mine finally got tired of hearing me gripe about my many petty (and some important) irritations in life. He was my primary sounding board, so I felt abandoned when he told me he wouldn’t listen anymore until I had written down the 33 happiest moments of my life. I resisted, of course, but finally needed to vent so I sat down and started my list. It took me days of thinking, jotting down a note, thinking some more, scribbling and rearranging before I finally had a list I felt ready to show my friend. I didn’t really notice it at the time, but for the entire period I was working on my list, those problems I was always complaining about seemed to melt away. This readjustment of my thinking was exactly what my friend explained he’d been going for. He had taken a class in which this exercise had been given and he’d learned that when you spend time focusing on the good things that have happened to you in life, you feel less negative and the outside world looks more positive. You start seeing the possibilities in life instead of the obstacles. I understood because I’d just experienced this, but he was right that I probably wouldn’t have understood if he’d just told me. When I showed him my list, he helped me go through it and grouped my moments into several categories. These ended up including accomplishments, gifts, helping others, family, trips, nature and miscellaneous. As we talked about my list, I realized that even in those areas that might sound more like a focus on material elements, the focus was clearly more on the experience involved rather than the item itself.

Learner Resources Essay Example for Free

Learner Resources Essay Review the range of resources available within the organisation for a selected curriculum area. Prepare, use and evaluate one of them in their teaching. Analyse the strengths and challenges of the selected resource and how it has supported learning. INTRODUCTION Selecting the use of resources is a vital aspect of enhancing not only the learning experience for the student, but also the effectiveness of the teacher’s delivery. The fact that students do have varying learning needs and styles, would suggest that the teacher would need to consider the various learning resources available that could help fulfil the student needs. Therefore it is important that the use of resources are fully integrative of the teaching strategies used, hence complimenting to the effectiveness of these strategies. Teaching/learning resources that can be used are: †¢ Printed materials †¢ Photographs and slides †¢ Posters †¢ Models †¢ Chalk/Black Boards †¢ Flip charts †¢ Overhead transparancies †¢ Audi tapes and compact discs †¢ Tape slide sequences †¢ Video tapes and film †¢ Laboratory equipment †¢ Real objects †¢ Computer based resources However, whilst there is a great deal of choice available to the teacher it is important to evaluate the options available fully in order to ensure that the aims and objectives of the session are met and that resources are not chosen in an unstructured way. Rather, the resources, should be a complimentary tool to enhancing the learning experience. This can ensure effective student learning, however, if not evaluated fully, this can have a detrimental effect. Cox and Harper (2000: 57-58) pose general questions to consider when evaluating resources: †¢ Are the materials appropriate to the learning outcomes? †¢ Are they suitable in terms of the characteristics of the students? †¢ Are they clear and attractive and consistent with a professional approach to teaching? †¢ Are they reasonably cost effective? †¢ Are they suitable for the way they will be used? †¢ Are they free from discriminatory language or images? Therefore, when evaluating the most commonly used resources that have been undertaken on the Certificate of Personnel Practice Course at Barking College the above considerations will be taken into account. The table below analyses the learning resources that have been used within the teaching context on the Certificate in Personnel Practice course at Barking College. The resource most frequently used within the sessions conducted on the Certificate in Personnel Practice course is the use of the Powerpoint (see Appendix A for example of powerpoint presentation taken from Week 12 of the course). It was felt that the Powerpoint presentation enabled the greatest opportunity to convey information to a full class of students, whilst given the learners an opportunity to feedback, through questions and answers. As stated by Armitage et al (2003: 127) this method gives the potential for dynamic graphics, greater and easier to use colour and ‘live’ demonstration of interactive software and the Internet’. Additionally, Davies J et al (1993) suggests that if it is apparent to the students that little attention is given to the quality of the resource then motivation will be affected. Therefore, the session would benefit in continuously gaining student feeback on the effectiveness of this resource. Previously, overhead slides had been used, but as mentioned the use of Powerpoint has become very cost effective, through storing presentations on disk. As well as sharing this with other members of the teaching team it can be shared with the students as well. Specifically, Powerpoint allows the student to print out user-friendly handouts of the slides, which is effective for note taking. Through identifying some of the limitations of the Powerpoint the sessions include the active use of the whiteboard to write down student contributions and amendments. The need for further additional resources to compliment the Powerpoint is also needed. The use of handouts has identified further that assessments and participatory groupwork is imperative. Therefore, as with all resources it is important that there is not over-reliance on one particular resource, as this would not appeal to all learning styles and is limited in meeting the strategies adopted by the teacher. Therefore the use of complimentary and additional resources is imperative. Case studies have been identified as an ideal way of ensuring assessment, whilst obtaining active student involvement either individually or as a group to contribute. So will therefore, be used more readily in future sessions to compliment the Powerpoint resource Conclusion Different resources have their strengths and weaknesses, with some having a more positive/ negative effect on the learners than others. Therefore, a range of resources have been continuously used on the course in order to not only meet the needs of the learner but the aims and objectives of each individual session. BIBLIOGRAPHY Armitage, A et al (2003) Teaching and Training in Post-Compulsory Education. Maidenhead: Open University Press Cox, A and Harper, H (2000) Planning Teaching and Assessing Learning: A Reader. London: Greenwich University Press Davies, J et al (1993) Adult Learning, Adult Teaching 3rd edn. Cardiff: Welsh Academic Press Honey, P. and Mumford, A. (1992) Manual of Learning Styles, 3rd edn. London: Peter Honey Petty, G (2004) Teaching Today: A Practical Guide, 3rd edn. Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes

Social Institutions Essay -- essays research papers

The Military Social Institution is one of the three Primary Social Institutions. The military was initially established to help protect, as well as unify a country, but since it’s development, it’s done so plus more. The Military as a social institution has led to domination and conquering of sorts, while trying to balance morals and justifications. Since the military is run by the government, it can be assumed that not only does this institution try to control and rationalize, but also continue to boil over into much of the other institutions. The Economic Social Institution is another one of the three Primary Institutions. The hold that the economy plays on a societies life is overwhelming to say the least. With the Economy being one of the biggest influences on social interaction in today’s society, it is understandable why we have used it as a foreground in which we continue to build on. With wealth and development growing due to an economies strong hold on society, we seem to always use that as one of our bases for happiness. Without the Economic Social Institution, the socialistic structure would always lean to domination and political stature, rather then the wealth or development in which we (as a society) would grow. The Political Social Institution is one of the three Primary Institutions. With society being ran by a higher authority, and not by the â€Å"norms†, it is considered only natural to follow the authorities orders. The Political Structure that takes place in a society is often construed as being chosen by the followers, much like a democracy, when in fact it is hardly ever the case. With society focused on its own growth and maturity, sometimes we neglect the power of the individuals in charge, and only see a false image of our government. With that being said, it is that very reason that the Political Institution is considered a primary one. We (society) would like to think of the government and the political structure as being cooperative and convenient at its disposal, but the truth of the matter is that often the imperfections of our society are much related to the government that we â€Å"chose†. The Family Social Institution is a Secondary Institution. Because of â€Å"Family Life† being much a part of â€Å"today’s society† and also a way of living, it can be said that this type of lifestyle is undoubtedly a reason for planning right. Socie... ...he/she has as compared to themselves. As for societies who do not have the benefits of recent medicine, they are looked at as the outcasts and UN-stabilized. The Mass Media Social Institution is a Secondary Social Institution. The power of media, any sort, or any kind; is undeniable. Within a culture, or society, everyone has at one time or another been faced with some time of advertisement, or propaganda. Even if you never purchased the item, you were still faced with the issue of â€Å"should I try it, or not?† It’s stunning at how much we fall into a trap when dealing with the media’s influence on a society’s particular way of thinking. The Media can turn a murder trial, into a televised event, which can generate revenue, that shows how media can help out the economy, as well as openly test the law. Media has been around for centuries, and has always created a buzz in one way or another throughout a society, but the cunningness of it all is how society relies so greatly on media as our entertainment and pleasure. Society is constantly bombarded with ads and ideas that were generated to bring in revenue, whil e the society constantly succumbs to the pressure of the outside nature.

Internet Laws :: essays research papers

Crime and the Criminal Internet Laws Cyber Space Law Right now there is a very interesting war being waged in the court rooms across America. It is a battle for the rights of citizens on the Internet. The Internet is a fairly new medium gaining wide popularity in 1994. Because of its incredible growth in popularity in a very short amount of time it has been hard to regulate. The first act to come out regarding the Internet and Freedom of Speech was PL 99-508 the Electronic Communications and Privacy Act of 1986 . This act consisted of two parts, title I and title II. Title I - Interception of Communications and Related Matters. Basically takes the existing laws and updates them to include computers. Where before it was illegal to intercept private telephone calls, it now says it is illegal to intercept private computer transmissions. It also includes a provision to make it legal to intercept public radio transmissions like it is with public radio programs. It also allows Internet Service Providers to keep a log of who c alled and their activity on-line to protect themselves. Title II - Stored Wire and Electronic Communications and Transactional Records Access. This provision adds sections to Title 18 of the United States Code (USC). In section 2701 - Unlawful Access to Stored Communications; it makes it a federal offense to hack into a computer system. Actually what it says is that it is not illegal to gain access but once you do gain access, by mistake or intention, it is illegal to continue to access the computer system. This crime is punishable by $5000 or up to six months in jail. Section 2703 of USC Title 18 is the section that instructs Internet Service Providers to keep a back-up record of your activities on-line with a court order from a government entity. Then after the government notifies the individual in question, the material is either used by the agency or is destroyed. Probably the biggest battle yet over the first amendment rights so far has been the Communications Decency Act or CD A. In March 1995 Senator Jim Exon introduces legislation to criminalize online publication of any material deemed "obscene, lascivious, filthy or indecent." This legislation was attached to a larger and popular Telecommunications Reform Bill. The Senate and the House voted to approve the Telecommunications Reform Bill in February 1996.

Nike’s CSR challenge Essay

It can be seen from the passage that Nike’s Asian factories audited hundreds of factories in 2003 and 2004 and found cases of abusive treatment in more than a quarter of its South Asian plants.And in 2005 Nike returned to report its social and environmental practices. It said that staffs and employees work in a poor environment .Between 25% to 50% of its employees and staffs in the region restrict access to toilets and drinking water during the workday. Besides , a lot of staffs have to work for extra hours per week and wage level is lower than other industries. These kind of social and environment issues not only happen in Nike ,but also in many other industries. However , Nike start to report the detail of all its factories and in fact Nike devote more to improving conditions than its competitors. New method to solve CSR problems are needed. Nike come out a new realization. This new realization lead to a new strategy,which involves the company engaging labor ministries, civi l society ,to establish companies’ standards of social and environmental performance. Nike have realized that the responsibility of one is to work towards the accountability of all. The strategy is that instead of the closed system , company will establish an open system. Nike also realize that the company’s future depends on the way customers, suppliers, investors and others relate to it. Leadership is another challenge that Nike is facing. Traditional leadership make the manager only do their duty, but not thinking about other fact. New Corporate leadership require managers be ‘leaders beyond borders’,which means they should reach across such borders to engage others in dialogue and action to address. In addition ,Nike should consider wider issues of trade flows, governance, media, financial markets and politics,if it wants to survive in new open system. Nike’s efforts will be meaningless if Nike do not make changes in financial markets Case Questions Q1: In referring to the opening profile and the closing case for this chapter, discuss the challenges regarding corporate social responsibility that companies in the apparel industry face in its supply chains around the  world? Answer: There have been cases reported abusive treatments in more than a quarter of its South Asian plants. Another report is that 25%-50% of factories in the region restrict access to toilets and drinking water during the workday. The same percentage that was reported also applied to factories denying workers at least one day off of the seven days they already work.Nike’s CSR Challenge highlighted that difficulty of bring wholesale to change to a company that isn’t centralized. Instead the challenge is now to reform the way business is done. Leadership was traditionally seen as guiding employees towards the goal of the company. What is needed is a more open form of leadership that calls for collaboration among mutually parties in order to solve systemic problems.The challenges are too reshape the signals being given out by its supply chains group to itself and its competitors. So that the companies can operate in a sustainable and just way, which is also financially viable Q2: Discuss the meaning and implications of the statement by a Nike representative thatâ€Å"consumers are not rewarding us for investments in improved social performance in supply chains.† Answer: Nike start to create a positive environment and change system for upgrading.As a result ,Nike will attract more consumers and bring feedback from consumers. This will help Nike continue going forwards. Q3: What does it mean to have an industry open-systems approach to social responsibility?What parties are involved? Who are the stakeholders? Answer: It depends on the way consumers , suppliers ,investors and other related to it. It means all the groups of company need to consider social and environment problems.The open system involve labor ministries, civil society and competitors.The stakeholders are customers, suppliers, investors, and others relate to it. Q4: What is meant by â€Å"leadership beyond borders†? Answer: It means people who can see across borders created by others,such as the borders of their jobs,and reach across such borders to engage others in dialogue and action to address systemic problems. Q5: Is it possible to have â€Å"a compatibility of profits with people and planet†? Whose responsibility is it to achieve that state? Answer: Yes ,it is possible. Companies’ first aim is profit. Through making profit a company can survive .However ,at the same time ,company should take care of their staffs and employees,or they will fail to make the profit. In addition ,environment is also very important. Company should protect the environment as well as making profit.Environment should not be neglected. People, environment and profit should be balanced.It’s all consumers, suppliers and investors,and employees responsibility to achieve that state. Conclusion: This case talks about CSR challenges that Nike are facing. The fact is not only Nike ,but also other industries are facing these challenges. However,Nike devotes itself to making a new strategy. It makes a positive environment. Besides, leadership is also a challenge for Nike and other industries. Companies should focus on â€Å"leadership beyond borders†, which means management is expected to beyond borders created by others such as the borders of their job, and reach across such borders to engage others in dialogue and action to address systemic problems. In a word ,environment, profit and human should be balanced.

Characteristics of global organisation and the specificity of motivating employees in a multinational company The WritePass Journal

Characteristics of global organisation and the specificity of motivating employees in a multinational company Introduction Characteristics of global organisation and the specificity of motivating employees in a multinational company ] Martin, G., and Beaumont, P. (1999). Co-ordination and control of human resource management in multinational ï ¬ rms: The case of CASHCO’. International Journal of Human Resource Management 10(1), pp. 21–42 Onkvisit, S. and Shaw, J. J., (2008). International marketing: strategy and theory, 5th edition, Taylor Francis Porter, E. M., (1990). The competitive advantage of nations. New York: The Free Press Spero, J. E. and Hart, J. A., (2009). The politics of international economic relations. 7th edition, Cengage Learning Sunita, (2005). Politics, ethics and social Responsibility of business, Paragon Books Tayeb, M., and Thory, K., (2001). Americans in Europe: The case of 10 US MNCs and their HRM in Scotland’. Paper presented to the ESRC Conference on Multinational Enterprises: Embedded Organizations, Transnational Federations or Global Learning Communities?, 6–8 September, University of Warwick, Coventry Taylor, S., Beechler, S. and Napier, N., (1996). Toward an integrative model of strategic international human resource management. Academy of Management Review, 21(4), pp. 959 – 985 Vroom, V. H. and Yago, A. G., (1978). On the validity of Vroom-Yetten model. Journal of applied psychology, 63, pp. 151 – 162 Wren, D. A., Sasaki, T., Atikson, J. W. and Feather, N. T., (2007). Motivation, Pickering Chatto Young, S., Hood, N. and Hamill, J., (1985). Decision-making in foreign-owned multinational subsidiaries in the United Kingdom. ILO Working Paper No. 35. Geneva: ILO Yuen, E., and Kee, H. T., (1993). Headquarters, host-culture and organizational influences on HRM policies and practices. Management International Review, 33(4), pp. 361 – 383

Solomon03 Web Essay

Solomon03 Web Essay Solomon03 Web Essay Chapter 3 Learning and Memory By Michael R. Solomon Consumer Behavior Buying, Having, and Being Sixth Edition 3-1 The Learning Process Learning: – A relatively permanent change in behavior caused by experience Incidental Learning: – Casual, unintentional acquisition of knowledge Learning is an Ongoing Process: – Constantly being revised – Can be either simple association (logo recognition) or complex cognitive activity (writing an essay) 3-2 Learning is a Process Our tastes are formed as a result of a learning process, sometimes with painful results. 3-3 Behavioral Learning Theories Assume that learning takes place as the result of responses to external events. View is represented by two major approaches to learning: – 1) Classical Conditioning – 2) Instrumental Conditioning People’s experiences shaped by feedback they receive as they go through life Actions result in rewards and punishments, which influences future responses to similar situations. 3-4 The Consumer as a â€Å"Black Box† A Behaviorist Perspective on Learning Figure 3.1 3-5 Classical Conditioning Ivan Pavlov’s Dogs – Unconditioned stimulus (UCS) – Naturally capable of causing a response. – Conditioned stimulus (CS) – Does not initially cause a response – Conditioned response (CR) – Response generated by repeated paired exposures to UCS and CS. Eventually, through learned association and repetition, the CS will cause the CR. 3-6 Discussion Question In the 1980’s, the Lacoste crocodile was an exclusive logo symbolizing casual elegance. When it was repeated on baby clothes and other items, it lost its cache and began to be replaced by contenders such as the Ralph Lauren Polo Player. Can you thing of other logos that have lost their prestige due to repetition? 3-7 Classical Conditioning in Advertising This American Airlines ad points to classical conditioning as an explanation for why their AAdvantage Marketing Programs will work. Can you identify the UCS, CS, and the CR in this example? 3-8 Classical Conditioning (cont.) Stimulus generalization: – Tendency of a stimulus similar to a CS to evoke similar, conditioned responses Masked branding: Deliberately hiding a product’s true origin Stimulus discrimination: – Occurs when a UCS does not follow a stimulus similar to a CS. 3-9 Marketing Applications of Behavior Learning Principles Brand Equity: – A brand has strong positive associations in a consumer’s memory and commands loyalty. Applications of Repetition Applications of Conditioned Product Associations: – Semantic associations – Phonemes 3 - 10 Loyalty to Brands Rewarding consumers with frequent flyer miles is an effective way to reinforce them and build brand loyalty. 3 - 11 Marketing Applications of Behavior Learning Principles (cont.) Applications of Stimulus Generalization: – – – – Family branding Product line extensions Licensing Look-alike packaging Applications of Stimulus Discrimination: – Consumers learn to differentiate a brand from its competitors – Unique attributes of the brand 3 - 12 Instrumental Conditioning Occurs as the individual learns to perform behaviors that produce positive outcomes and avoid behaviors that yield negative outcomes A.K.A. â€Å"Operant Conditioning† Occurs one of three ways: – Positive reinforcement – Negative reinforcement – Punishment 3 - 13 Positive Reinforcement The power of positive reinforcement. 3 - 14 Instrumental Conditioning (cont.) Extinction: When a positive outcome is no longer received, the learned stimulus-response connection will not be maintained. Reinforcement Schedules: – – – – Fixed-interval reinforcement Variable-interval reinforcement Fixed-ratio reinforcement Variable-ratio reinforcement 3 - 15 Four Types of Learning Outcomes Figure 3.2 3 - 16 Applications of Instrumental Conditioning Principles Reinforcement of Consumption: – Thank you – Rebates – Follow-up phone calls Frequency Marketing: – Reinforces

How to Write a Thriller in 7 Heart-Stopping Steps

How to Write a Thriller in 7 Heart-Stopping Steps How to Write a Thriller in 7 Heart-Stopping Steps Someone has been kidnapped and your protagonist is trying to prevent their murder. The clock is ticking but their car has just exploded, the building they were in has been set on fire, and, as they turn around to try to escape, they are face-to-face with a gun†¦. Now what? Since you’re here, you obviously want to answer that question by writing your own thriller.In this post, we look at how to write a thriller by outlining the main characteristics of the genre and turning to professional editors for their top tips.What is a thriller?A thriller is a fast-paced novel full of conflict, tension, suspense, unexpected twists, and high stakes. Every single scene and element in a thriller is meant to propel the action forward, test the characters, and take the readers on a roller coaster ride that will leave them on the edge of their seats.What are some of your favorite thrillers? Let us know in the comments below!

Leadership Styles in Professional Nursing Dissertation

Leadership Styles in Professional Nursing - Dissertation Example Leadership Styles in Professional Nursing The literature suggests that there are many traits that go into forming an effective leader. As an example, Boumans and Landerweerd (1993) suggest that leaders must have "clinical knowledge, people orientation, communication skills, reality orientation, the ability to identify problems and to delegate responsibility" (p. 768). These skills were stated to be those that made a positive impact on the nurses that were supervised. Most leadership styles have their base in social leadership if the nurse is effective. Boumans and Landerweerd found in their study that when social leadership was presented, the nurses under their leadership felt that their job had meaning and they felt increased job satisfaction. Also, the social leadership style promotes more positive health and well being than a style that is more dictatorial or direct. Sellgren, Ekvall, and Tomson (2006) state that nursing leadership styles are more involved with the characteristics that leaders have rather than having a sp ecific style. There are preferred traits that are more important as well. In their style, communication was the highest ranking trait that a leader ship exhibit. This goes along with what Boumans and Landerweerd found. Therefore, communication is one of the most important aspects of a nurse's leadership style. There should also be a way to communicate the leader's needs in specific ways that are understandable to their subordinates. This will bring about a happier group of nurses on the ward. (Sellgren, Ekvall, and Tomson, 2006). Kenmore (2008) found that the styles that most nurses used were either affiliative or coaching. Affiliative leaders work well when everything is running smoothly and when staff is highly motivated. The afffiliative style creates harmony and the style also works well when teams need to be healed or when staff needs motivating. When a leader has a more coaching orientation to leadership, they are more interested in improving staff's professional development

Mbuti Culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mbuti Culture - Research Paper Example The Mbuti tribe is dependent on the forest for all the aspects of their life including getting their food, clothes, materials for hunting, item of play, musical instrument etc. In the recent times the tribesmen have come in contact with the agricultural people living the peripheries of the forest. However hunting remains their primary source of subsistence. Even in their trade with the agricultural people they exchange the meat they get from the forest in exchange for farm products (Tanno, n.d. pp. 1-51). The forest and hunting activities influenced the culture, social structures, gender relations and the beliefs and values of the Mbuti tribe associated with the Molimo ritual of the tribe. Social Organization The difference in the strategy for procuring the subsistence has attracted the interest of the anthropologist and ethnographers. Along with the difference in the hunting technique some difference in the social structure has also been observed with reference to the number of memb ers in the community. The inhabitants of the southwestern region, the net hunters live in a comparatively large camp consisting to seven to thirty families together. There method of hunting and distribution of the hunt are also of communal type. The women beat the under bush to drive the animals to the net which are looked after by the men. According to famous pygmy researcher Turnbull, this method of hunting requires a number of families to cooperate with each other in order to procure their subsistence. On the contrast the archers live in small groups of three to five. Individual members hunt with the help of arches and bows. The different operations of arching are tracking and ambushing which requires less number of men than net hunting. Several reasons have been cited for this difference in hunting pattern and consequent social structure based on region. According to Turnbull, this has occurred due to the historical distribution of the forest. The southwestern parts of the count ries have been subjected to encroachment for agriculture, mining, plantations, tourist centers etc. As a result the inhabitable land and the land for hunting and gathering have been reduced. On the other hand the population of the tribe has increased over the years. As a result the tribe was forced to increase their utilization of the reduced amount of available land. Moreover due to the Law of Diminishing Return the tribesmen had to undertake more work individually in order to maintain similar level of consumption. Another interesting feature that has been pointed out by the scholars is that the pygmy tribe has a low exposure to the technological advancement. Therefore they are unable to increase the utilization of the plot of land with the help of technology. To compensate for that, the tribesmen are required to increase the coordination and cooperation among themselves to maintain similar level of consumption. (Abruzzi, 1979) Renowned anthropologist, Harako suggests another alter native theory. According to him the original mode of hunting of the Mbuti tribe was archery. But some time in history a part of the tribe came in touch with the Bantu speaking tribes. In course of their interaction and exchange the Mbuti tribe learnt to use the net as a tool for hunting. This theory gives an explanation for the division of hunting methods

Should some of the possessory type drug offenses that are now Essay

Should some of the possessory type drug offenses that are now prosecuted such as marijuana cocaine and heroin be repealed and instead become legalized regulated and taxed - Essay Example The following paragraphs will present one’s justifications for believing that now is the time to make the necessary changes with regards to the policies on drugs. The first reason why one believes that the drug trade should be legalized is because its being prohibited has paved the way for huge opportunities for organized crime (Husak , par 113). Black marketers abound because the trade is not legal. It is believed that most organized crimes are funded through the sale of illicit drugs such as marijuana, cocaine and heroin (Husak , par 113). Furthermore, most of these drugs have become expensive because of their being illegal and not because of their high manufacturing cost. This being the case, most of its users commit property crimes just to be able to purchase the drugs. These crimes could be prevented if these drugs will be legalized, since it will command lower prices (Husak , par 115). Another rationale why one thinks laws against illegal drugs should be eradicated is that it has led to widespread corruption within the law enforcement agencies (Husak , par 114). Because of the huge sums of money involved in the trade of illicit drugs, several police officers have become involved in its trade. The government is losing millions because of the illegal trade of illicit drugs. One believes that if the sale of these drugs will be decriminalized, the government will benefit from the taxes that will be imposed on its trade. On the contrary, if the government continues to stop its trade, only the black marketers and the organized drug syndicates will benefit from it. Due to the prohibition of drugs like heroin or marijuana, more people become interested and curious to use it. This is what is termed as the â€Å"forbidden fruit† phenomenon (Husak , par 118). In fact, in Netherlands, once marijuana was decriminalized, the use started to decline

Indian Arts and Clothing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Indian Arts and Clothing - Essay Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that Indian sculpture focuses towards the spirituality, elegance, magnificence and mysticism. All these are important factors for the Indian sculpture. In India sculpture over the years has been one of the most preferred medium for the artistic expressions. Sculptures have significant contributions in the context of Indian Arts. Wall painting is also an important part of the Indian Arts. It is a unique artistic concept which is highly regarded by the Indian as well global artists. Wall painting has very long presence in the rich tradition of Indian Arts. During prehistoric time there was a concept of rock painting from which the concept of wall painting has come into the picture. Indian wall paintings offer aesthetic continuum which showcases Indian historical reformations. Wall paintings of India are globally recognized by the various experts. Wall painting in the places like Ajanta and Ellora are highly attractive for t he global tourists. Miniature paintings are the integral parts of the Indian Arts. Generally these kinds of paintings’ are being done on the books, papers and in any small places. Indian miniature paintings are significantly classy and delicate in nature. It indicates prosperity and richness of Indian Arts. The concept of this Indian Art came from the state of Bengal. Slowly but surely this art has caught the attention of global arts lovers. All these paintings have multidimensional characteristics which indicate versatility of the miniature painting. In India cultural diversity is significantly evident; in their miniature paintings also those cultural diversities are clearly evident. Without jewelry, Indian Art is incomplete. Over the years jewelries have contributed significantly towards the Indian Arts. Its exotic styles and glitters have made this thing one of the most prominent Arts in the country. Indian jewelry has long tradition and history. Since the historical perio d up to independence the country has been ruled by the various kings. Jewelry designing also has gone through lots of reformations and changes. In jewelry designing, influences of diversified Indian arts and cultures are easily found.

Political Influance in Emergency Management Essay

Political Influance in Emergency Management - Essay Example Introduction It has been said that all disaster are â€Å"political†. For instance, the elder President George Bush is said to have lost the election because of perceived deficient response to Hurricane Andrew in 1992. His son, George W. Bush, suffered politically for several years as recovery operations on the Gulf Coast dragged on a pace that constituents considered unsatisfactory (Olasky, 2006). President Jimmy Carter created the Federal Emergency Management Agency in 1979 in order to response to the increasing disasters (Haddow, Bullock & Coppola, 2011). There are numerous environmental threats that United States face today. The environmental disasters include floods, tornadoes, failure of dams, or building structures. Hurricanes and bridge collapses are also considered natural environmental disasters. The federal relief under the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has been expanded under the Stafford Disaster and Emergency Assistance Act of 1974 and Hazard Mitigat ion Act of 2000. The FEMA was placed under the department of Homeland Security in 2003. Experts attribute the increase in environmental disasters to increased human encroachment and development to areas that are considered disaster prone and increased occurrence of the weather related disasters due to climate change (Haddow, Bullock & Coppola, 2011). ... Hurricane Katrina that happened in August 29 2005 is one of the disasters that experienced intense political influence (Haddow, Bullock & Coppola, 2011). The hurricane blew across southern Florida roaring in to Louisiana coast with 125 mph sustained winds thus causing a surge in sea waters and leaving 80 percent of the city flooded (Olasky, 2006). Katrina killed about 1,836 people and inflicted damages estimated at $ 125 billion. Contrary to President Clinton who utilized the FEMA to deal with a series of hurricanes, President Bush suffered major political blow due to his ability to intervene in Hurricane Katrina disaster (Olasky, 2006). Given that a large percentage of the population in New Orleans comprised of Black Americans, the slow response made the population question Presidents Bush â€Å"compassionate conservative† policies on the minorities (Olasky, 2006). President Barrack Obama also suffered politically in his early years in office due to the slow response to halti ng the oil spill in Gulf Coast. However, he recovered his politically when the oil spill was finally cleaned up (Olasky, 2006). Last week, citizens across northeastern seaboard were hit by Hurricane Sandy that left thousands homeless and destroyed thousands of businesses. The governor’s of the affected cities called for the state of emergency and President Barrack Obama granted the national disaster proclamation. Hurricane Katrina has changed the dynamics of Presidential elections in the eastern coast. For instance, New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg endorsed President Barrack Obama’s reelection to what he termed as the prompt response to Hurricane Sandy disaster and the urge to people to avoid waters and

Indian Arts and Clothing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Indian Arts and Clothing - Essay Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that Indian sculpture focuses towards the spirituality, elegance, magnificence and mysticism. All these are important factors for the Indian sculpture. In India sculpture over the years has been one of the most preferred medium for the artistic expressions. Sculptures have significant contributions in the context of Indian Arts. Wall painting is also an important part of the Indian Arts. It is a unique artistic concept which is highly regarded by the Indian as well global artists. Wall painting has very long presence in the rich tradition of Indian Arts. During prehistoric time there was a concept of rock painting from which the concept of wall painting has come into the picture. Indian wall paintings offer aesthetic continuum which showcases Indian historical reformations. Wall paintings of India are globally recognized by the various experts. Wall painting in the places like Ajanta and Ellora are highly attractive for t he global tourists. Miniature paintings are the integral parts of the Indian Arts. Generally these kinds of paintings’ are being done on the books, papers and in any small places. Indian miniature paintings are significantly classy and delicate in nature. It indicates prosperity and richness of Indian Arts. The concept of this Indian Art came from the state of Bengal. Slowly but surely this art has caught the attention of global arts lovers. All these paintings have multidimensional characteristics which indicate versatility of the miniature painting. In India cultural diversity is significantly evident; in their miniature paintings also those cultural diversities are clearly evident. Without jewelry, Indian Art is incomplete. Over the years jewelries have contributed significantly towards the Indian Arts. Its exotic styles and glitters have made this thing one of the most prominent Arts in the country. Indian jewelry has long tradition and history. Since the historical perio d up to independence the country has been ruled by the various kings. Jewelry designing also has gone through lots of reformations and changes. In jewelry designing, influences of diversified Indian arts and cultures are easily found.

'Teams are seen as a necessary condition in contemporary Essay

'Teams are seen as a necessary condition in contemporary organisations, but are they effective' - Essay Example A team behaves in a peculiar manner which moves toward a specific goal. The performance output given by a team is always ahead of that given by an individual. Generally a team comprises of many people focusing on a specified target. The individuals in a team will be having individual skills. Thus a team is a collection of strengths and good range of abilities. Because of this reason, in a team, for every situation there will be at least a person who can deal with it. Also in a team flaws or pitfalls can easily be spotted and corrected. As there are many persons focusing on a same target they will be very cautious about every move and hence the mistake done by an individual will be easily found by another one. (Scholtes et al. 2003). So, this paper will discuss how teams are seen as a necessary condition in contemporary organizations and how they are effective for organizational process, and how effectiveness can be further optimized. In an efficient team, the ultimate responsibility is rested on everyone’s shoulder. And the team is structured in such a way that whoever having strength in a specified area takes more responsibility in that area. One more interesting fact about a team is â€Å"Motivation†. A powerful motivating force is created amidst a good team. It never let its team mates to go down. Also it makes the team members feel proud to be a part of such a team. (West 2002, 9). Teams, also have another face for it. That is â€Å"Team conflict†. Conflicts are often mistaken within a team which is a bitter fact to be accepted. But conflicts too could turn desirable, provided the team members look into a conflict as an outcome of indifference in their thoughts or views. And after that they have to take relevant actions on how to overcome that indifference. When such kind of attitude started developing amidst the team members, conflicts even turn to be a positive factor in a team work. ( West 2002, 9) Self directed work teams are empowered

Aim in Life Essay Example for Free

Aim in Life Essay Most people in the world have some ambitions in life. A petty merchant has an ambition to become a big business man, a clerk to be a high officer, a student to be a doctor or engineer. Some desire for wealth, some desire for fame and reputation. A proper aim in life keeps a person shining and glowing in his future life. My aim in life is neither to collect money this or by that way nor for fame. It is my desire to become a well qualified doctor or a scientist. I do not just wish to be an ordinary doctor who spends his times in his laboratory trying to find out new drugs and medicines to remove the suffering of millions of people. The world remembers with thankfulness the name of the man who gave to the world vaccination. The world will remember forever the man who gave us penicillin. As a doctor it is my real wish to server the badly suffering humanity too. Our country is still under development and it has become necessary for all of us, especially for doctors to acheive sound progress in the field of new drugs and medicines, And for the prosperity and solidarity of pakistan we should work hard with spiritual zeal and zeast. I have an ambition to do something in this world so great as the doctors and the courages founders did in the past. I would like to give the world some new drugs and injections that will cure some of the many disease that people are still suffering from. In my opinion, wealth, fame and any other kind of materialistic gain are hollow and baseless if earned through unfair means. In my ambition, it is great wish to help the suffering people. For lawful earnings it will be my foremost dut to server the humanity, by going to the rural areas of this under developed country in order to help the poor and humble people for their happiness and entire satisfaction.

Lexical and Structural Ambiguity Examples

Lexical and Structural Ambiguity Examples Language is the most important thing in our life. People communicate with others by using language. Without language we cannot communicate with other people properly. Even deaf or dump people can communicate with others by using their special language or sign language. People talk, share their thought, feeling and emotion through language either spoken or written. In the world, there are many different languages in different countries. It is possible that there are many languages used in one country. Although have so many different languages, people use it for one reason, that is to communicate. They communicate with each other either spoken or written through sentences. Sometimes people do not get what we said to them. It is not because they do not hear it or something. However, occasionally we say a sentence which has more than one meaning. As a result, the listeners will have some different interpretations and this will make confusion for the listener. In this case, this misunderstanding is called an ambiguity. We can find ambiguous sentences everywhere, not only when people say something to us or spoken but we can also find it in written forms, like in the book, newspaper, magazine, and so on. This ambiguity can happen if there are more than one meaning which can be interpreted by the people who read or listen to the ambiguous sentences or phrases. There are three kinds of ambiguity according to Ullmann (as cited in Tambunan 202, 204); phonetic, grammatical or structural, and lexical ambiguity. Phonetic ambiguity appears in spoken only, e.g. when we say near, not all people will catch near as the meaning of close by or next to. Nevertheless, some people can misunderstand what they hear. They can possibly hear near as an ear or a near as well. Meanwhile, in his book, Pateda () said Grammatical or structural ambiguity appears because of the resemblance of phrase. Each word which forms a phrase actually should be clear, but the combination can be interpreted more than one meaning. For example in the sentence I met a number of old friends and acquaintances. The word old (past or someone who has been already old, in this case about age matter) in this sentence can be connected with friends (people who you know well but not in family members) and acquaintances which means people that you have met but do not know well. In that sentenc e, where is meant by the past, is it friends or acquaintances? In lexical ambiguity it has been explained that each word can contain more than one meaning. A word can lead to something different according to the usage. As the writer mentioned above, apparently ambiguous sentences or phrases can be shown in the written forms. Based on this research, the writer chooses the source of data from a newspaper, especially in the titles of each section which most likely contains ambiguous meaning. Because nowadays we find so many newspaper which contains ambiguous meaning in it, either in the content or the title. This is happening because in this modern era, language is changed. Trask (92) said that language has changed, and many of the old words have disappeared and been replaced by the new words. Other words have survived, but have changed either their forms or their meanings so much that we can barely recognize them. In this research the writer chooses a local Indonesian newspaper, that is Suara Merdeka. It is the largest Indonesian daily newspaper in Central Java, Indonesia which is made in Semarang, Central Java. There are some sections that are offered by this news, such as headline, business, advertisement, your letters, entertainment, and so on. In this paper, the writer will conduct a research in the news title of each section. Since the data is taken from newspaper, the writer will take some titles which most likely has ambiguous meaning in both lexically and structurally. FIELD OF THE STUDY This research is in the field of Linguistics. SCOPE OF THE STUDY In this paper the writer focuses on lexical and structural ambiguity in the title news of each section in Suara Merdeka newspaper. The data of this research are taken from all titles in each section of the newspaper which has ambiguous meaning. PROBLEM FORMULATION The research question can be formulated as follows: Which words, sentences or phrases are possibly ambiguous? What parts of speech are lexically ambiguous? Which type of ambiguity is the most dominant? OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The objectives of this paper are to answer the problem of this research which is mentioned above. They are: To find out words, sentence or phrases are possibly ambiguous. To analyze the part of speech of words that can be lexically ambiguous. To determine the most dominant type of ambiguity. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The result of this study provides the readers to improve their ability in understanding the ambiguous sentence, phrase, or word in written language. This research will contribute as the reference for the study of semantics and syntax in teaching and learning activity. Moreover for the people who are interested in lexical and structural ambiguity for their research. DEFINITION OF TERMS Ambiguity Ambiguity appears when something has more than one possible meaning and may therefore cause confusion (Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary 43). Lexical Ambiguity According to Grenat and Taher in Al satil journal (10), lexical ambiguity refers to the type of ambiguity those results from the occurrence of homonyms. Structural Ambiguity A sentence is called structurally ambiguous if there is more than one complete structural description that may be assigned to it (Tesar, par. 1). LITERARY VIEW Semantic Theories As a branch of linguistics, semantics is defined as the study of the meaning. Yule (100) says that Semantics deals with the conventional meaning conveyed by the use of words, phrases and sentences of a language. In semantics it can be seen what is meant by meaning, the kinds of meaning, anything which is connected by meaning, the components of meaning, whether meaning is changed or not, why meaning can be changed, either each word has only one meaning or more, how we comprehend the meaning of a word or sentence easily, everything can be traced through semantics (Pateda 2). Meaning There are two ways in investigating meaning of words in a sentence; conceptual and associative meaning. Conceptual meaning is the basic components of meaning carry on literal use of words. For example, the word needle has the meaning of sharp, thin, an instrument for sewing. Associative meaning is like the connotation of words. For example, the word needle has the meaning of pain, illness, drug, thread, or knitting. In this association meaning, it is possible that each person may have different interpretations (Yule 100). An idea has to be sent clearly and meaningfully, so it will not cause misunderstanding in communication. Ambiguity can cause wrong perception in peoples mind when evaluating something (Suryaslavia 7). Ambiguity According to Clare (par 4), something is called ambiguous when it can be understood in two or more possible senses or ways. A word or sentence is ambiguous when it has more than one sense. A sentence is ambiguous if it has two (or more) paraphrases which are not themselves paraphrases of each other. For example, We saw her duck is a paraphrase of We saw her lower her head and of We saw the duck belonging to her. In this case, we consider that We saw her duck is ambiguous (Hurford and Heasley 121). Ambiguity can arise in a sentence for a number of reasons; through the ascription of multiple meanings to single words, through the assignment of different syntactic structures to a sentence, or through the use of certain expression that may have semantic scope (Cann 8). Lexical Ambiguity Lexical ambiguity according to Hurford and Heasley (128) is any ambiguity resulting from the ambiguity of a word. For example in the sentence The captain corrected the list is lexically ambiguous. The word list has two possible meanings, either record (short pieces of information, such as peoples name) or lean (in a ship). Lexical ambiguity can be created from because of polysemy and homophony (OGrady 270). Polysemy Polysemy occurs where a word has two or more related meanings. Example: Bright : shining, intelligent To glare : to shine intensely, to stare angrily A deposit : minerals in the earth, money in the bank Homophony Homophony exists where a single form has two or more entirely distinct meanings. For example, the word bat has the meaning either a flying mouse-like nocturnal mammal or a piece of equipment used in cricket or baseball. In this case, it is assumed that there are two or more separate words with the same pronunciation rather than a single word with different meanings. Structural Ambiguity Structural ambiguity appears because of the resemblance of phrase. Each word which forms a phrase actually should be clear, but the combination can be interpreted more than one meaning. For example in the sentence I met a number of old friends and acquaintances. The word old (past or someone who has been already old, in this case about age matter) in this sentence can be connected with friends (people who you know well but not in family members) and acquaintances which means people that you have met but do not know well. In that sentence, where is meant by the past, is it friends or acquaintances? Structural ambiguity happens if there is a sentence which is ambiguous because its words relate each other in different ways, even though none words are ambiguous (Hufford 129 130). Language of Newspapers In his book, The Language of Newspaper; Socio Historical Perspective, Conboy (1) says that the language of newspapers has always encapsulated what would they sell to the readers and how the information which they share could best be packaged and presented to achieve the commercial end at a certain time. The market-driven rationalization of the language of the new mass newspapers affected the grammar of the reduced sentences which were increasingly identifiable as journalistic. The twentieth-century newspapers language was shaped by a wave of technologies competing with the newspaper as the prime provider of topical information about the world. In newspapers today, we are witnessing the latest linguistic accommodation to changing social and commercial pressures. Newspapers have always striven to provide an elaborated form of conversation with their audiences, to be something more than a dry account of the events of the day (Conboy 2). Previous Study In Faculty of Letters, Unika Soegijapranata there have been thre theses discussing about Ambiguity. Marsha Marieanne (2011), The Analysis of Ambiguity in Printed Consumer Goods Indonesian Advertisements investigates the classification of the ambiguous taglines in printed Indonesian consumer goods advertisements. Doncy Suryaslavia (2005), Lexical and Structural Ambiguity on Television Advertisements focuses on a classification of Indonesian television advertisements which contain lexical or structural ambiguity. Arkhid Awful (2005), Peoples Interpretstion of the Advertisement Containing Ambiguous Sentences or Phrases talks about interpretation of people concerning the ambiguous sentences or phrases in the advertisement. The difference between those three theses from the writes study is that the writer focuses on the lexical and structural ambiguity found in news titles. The writer will conduct a research on each section of the newspaper and find any titles which most likely have ambiguous meaning. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Method of Data Collection The aim of this study is to analyze the lexical and structural ambiguity in the newpaper titles. The writer conducts a reasearch from Indonesian local newspaper, that is Suara Merdeka. She takes the data from each section of the newspaper which most likely contains ambiguous meaning and she will analyze it based on the lexical and structural ambiguity. Instrument 1.2 Procedure Method of Data Analysis Reading the selected data Identifying the words, phrases, and sentences which are possibly ambiguous. Classifying them into the types of ambiguity whether lexical or structural ambiguity.

Kant: The Pursuit of Fundamental Freedom Essay -- essays research pape

Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness are the signs that all men deserve a fundamental freedom. The fact that man has the ability of reasoning calls for the need of a self-government. Reasoning will help the world progress towards an ideal society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mankind declares its independence from other species of animals through the use of reason. The mind of man creates all the difference as he is able to choose his own way of life. However, with this gift from nature comes a negative factor that each individual human must face. As discussed by other philosophers, man is a self-interested creature. If every man does whatever he wants in life, society would be destroyed. In order to keep society away from chaos, a government needs to be enforced in order to keep m...

Labeling Theory :: Labeling Theory in Sociology

"Deviance, like beauty, is in the eyes of the beholder. There is nothing inherently deviant in any human act, something is deviant only because some people have been successful in labeling it so." – J.L. Simmons INTRODUCTION Labelling theory, stemming from the influences of Cooley, Mead, Tannenbaum, and Lemert, has its origins somewhere within the context of the twentieth century. However, Edwin Lemert is widely considered the producer and founder of the original version of labelling theory. This paper, not a summary, provides a brief history of labelling theory, as well as, its role in the sociology of deviance. It attempts to explore the contributions made by labelling theorists, the criticism towards labelling theorists, and the discussion surrounding its reality as an actual theory. In essence, the main focus of this paper besides proving an understanding of Howard Becker, is to describe and evaluate `labelling theory` to the study of crime and deviance, by way of an in depth discussion. THEORETICAL IMAGES The theoretical study of societal reaction to deviance has been carried out under different names, such as, labelling theory, interactionist perspective, and the social constructionist perspective. In the sociology of deviance, the labelling theory of deviant behaviour is often used interchangeably with the societal reaction theory of deviancy. As a matter of fact, both phrases point equally to the fact that sociological explanations of deviance function as a product of social control rather than a product of psychology or genetic inheritance. Some sociologists would explain deviance by accepting without question definitions of deviance and concerning themselves with primary aetiology. However, labelling theorists stress the point of seeing deviance from the viewpoint of the deviant individual. They claim that when a person becomes known as a deviant, and is ascribed deviant behaviour patterns, it is as much, if not more, to do with the way they have been stigmatized, then the devian t act they are said to have committed. In addition, Howard S. Becker (1963), one of the earlier interaction theorists, claimed that, "social groups create deviance by making the rules whose infraction constitute deviance, and by applying those rules to particular people and labelling them as outsiders". Furthermore, the labelling theoretical approach to deviance concentrates on the social reaction to deviance committed by individuals, as well as, the interaction processes leading up to the labelling. INFLUENCES Labelling theory was significantly influenced by the Chicago School and Symbolic Interactionism.

Decision Making Process Essay

Decision-Making Process Carol Hartfield MGT/230 June 20, 2011 Mike Osby Decision-Making Process Decision-making can be difficult and disastrous if not thought out carefully. Some decisions once made cannot be changed, and the outcome could change your life forever. Of the six stages of the decision-making process, I, like others, can say I do not use all the stages, if I made my decision using the stages my outcome may have been better that it was. I wanted to change jobs to spend more time with my son and make our lives better. If I had used the decision-making process my decision would have been different. The first step of the process is identifying and diagnosing the problem. I identified the problem, I needed more money and a daytime job with as few hours of overtime required. The diagnosis for the problem was to switch from nighttime data entry to daytime dialysis. I was not clear about what I wanted the decision to achieve. I was putting my situation in a negative perspective, e. g. , I do not want to work at night any more and I did not like the company. But such framing of the outcome in the negative does not set a direction to move towards, only what to move away from (McDermott, n. . ). The positive outcomes should have been stated for my goal to be achieved. The decision-making process steps are, generating alternative solutions and evaluating alternatives. I did not follow these two processes; maybe if I would have I would have had a better outcome. I would have had a plan if the new job failed to give the results anticipated. Within evaluating the alternative I would have d one more research on my earnings potential of the new job versus my old job. The next step of the decision-making process was implementing the decision. This was not an easy task to complete. My schedule for sleeping was hard to change, and I had to work the night job for two weeks before I could leave. Implementation of the decision was the hardest part of the process since I had to work and train at the same time for two weeks with hardly any sleep. I would have allowed time to transition from one jog to the other if I had used the six steps in the readings from this week. Evaluating my decision was also an easy task; my bills started piling up because I was not making the money promised from taking the job. I had to do something to make more money or go back to my previous position. I was lucky that I was friends with the new supervisor and she needed help because people had left. I could resume my position with the same seniority and pay. The decision to switch jobs would have been different if I had used the decision-making process listed in this week’s reading. I would have had alternative solutions and investigated the new job more than I did. In generating alternative solutions, I would have ensured I could have returned to my previous job and not agonized over if I could return or not. Reference McDermott, D. (n. d. ). How to make a decision. Retrieved from http://www. decision-making-confidence. com/index. html

Prom as a Rite of Passage

Cody Guilday English 105 Prof. Wheat 10/22/12 The Senior Prom: A Rite of Passage The United States is known throughout the world to be a place in which there are many cultures and customs mixing and colliding. One thing that each culture has in abundance is rites of passage, whether it is Births, Bat Mitzvahs, Quinces, or graduation. Each right of passage is an event that signifies a transition in a person’s life. Senior Prom is a rite of passage for young men and women that is indicative of their transition from teenagers to young adults.It is meant to be a celebration of the high school experience; the last hurrah. A gathering of friends who have spent four years of their adolescence together, figuring out who they are as persons. The reason Prom has become such a rite of passage as opposed to just another dance, comes from the notion that it is an event that cannot be missed. When referring to the high school experience, prom and graduation are the two events that are most commonly brought up. They are universal to all graduated students, yet unique to each individual.The identity of the individual as being a part of their graduating class is why the prom is so important. Although prom is intended to be an all-inclusive experience, the event has become factionalized due to materialism, social status, and willingness to participate in consumption of alcohol. The fact that prom has become commercialized is causing some to be excluded from certain aspects of the prom and sometimes from the entire prom event. The prom event is supposed to include everyone in the graduating class.But the increased prices and concentration on the material aspect is leaving out those who are unable to afford it. In Ann Anderson’s High School Prom: Marketing, Morals, and the American Teen, she points to prom magazines and other advertisers like Seventeen as the reason for commercialism in proms (119). She also states that the average amount spent for prom per family in America in 2010 was about 1000 dollars (115). According to an article from the Huffington Post, the prom industry is valued at four billion dollars. Additionally, the article claimed that the average amount spent on prom this ear in the northeast region was just shy of two thousand dollars (Krupnick). Prices like these are far out of the reach of many families, which leaves them with only a few options. Some parents decide that the event is so important that they will spend beyond their means for the sake of their children’s prom. Others have to take this price tag into consideration. In this case, the students are often left out of things like limo rides, pictures, and after parties. Although they are still part of the prom itself, they are left out of much of what is important to the â€Å"prom experience†.Being left out of these aspects can have an impairing affect on the individual’s sense of identity. It is not just the fact that they are left out the limo ride or the after party. When asked about the event, or when it is talked about after, they are unable to partake in much of the conversation. This is also true for those who do not partake in the prom at all because of the price. Although this is less common, many consider the price of proms to be too steep. Missing the prom is considered a huge deal socially and could be detrimental to the identity of the individual as the community sees it.Over the years, the focus of prom has shifted from the elegant, romantic event it once was to a concentration on teenage alcohol consumption, drug use, and sex. In Ann Anderson’s book High School Prom: Marketing, Morals, and the American Teen, Ann gives a detailed account of the history of the prom event. She claims that prom was originally created to be â€Å"the democratic debutante ball†, referring to an elegant event, which is accessible to all regardless of economic status (Anderson 7). Although originally this may have been the case, it is clear that it is no longer the case today.For starters, as seen before, prom is no longer accessible to all. Although the event itself is still very elegant, the focus has been shifted. It has become a social competition. Many prom-goers worry more about the after party than the event. They see the prom as a stepping stone to the after party, where they are able to drink, do drugs, and have sex without being seen by the prying eyes of parents. This further divides the senior group. On one hand there are those who want to drink, do drugs, and have sex.On the other hand, there are people who would like to be included in the after party in order to get the entire prom experience, but are excluded because they do not drink. For these people who are excluded, the identity of being part of a larger, inclusive community is often ruined. Additionally, it adds to the individual identity as a â€Å"partier† or â€Å"non-partier† often at the expense of those who choose not to drink or do drugs. According to The National Highway Safety Administration, 53% of students reported to have had more than 4 drinks (â€Å"Prom Night Statistics†).That splits a given senior class almost directly down the middle. But the divide is not just based on alcohol. Because the whole senior class cannot attend the same after party, it becomes a matter of social status. This is perhaps the most divisive aspect of the prom and the most destabilizing to the identity of certain individuals. It boils down to two types of people; those who are invited, and those who are not. The community sees those who are not invited as less important and the individuals see themselves in a similar way because of this.Popularity is a huge part of one’s identity, especially in high school. Being that prom is one of the biggest nights of high school, being invited to pre-pictures or the after party is the ultimate show of popularity. In contrast to this, not being invit ed could seriously affect the identity of an individual in a negative way. Some argue that the prom event itself is still one that is inclusive for all, regardless of social or economical status. Although the event is advertised and intended to be this way, the fact is, societal pressures do not allow it.People may argue that there is a cheap way to go to prom without limos, expensive tuxedos or dresses, and no after party. It is plausible to do this but, because of social perception of prom, many feel that they would be marginalized if they did not have all of these aspects. Movies and television portrays the prom event as one in which it is necessary to be lavish. For people who do not have the means to do this, or do not wish to partake in after parties, the prom event becomes undesirable.The rite of passage of Senior Prom is highly important to all high school students. It is one that is looked forward to long before senior year and it is one that is talked about long after grad uation. Although it is meant to be an event for the entire Senior Class, many are left out of the experience because a lack of social or economic status. Not being a part of this event, or certain aspects of this event, causes to the individual to lose the identity of being a part of something greater.It is not just being a part of a senior class that is important to this rite of passage, but it is being a part of the social and educational community that is unique to their specific senior class. This feeling of being a part of a unique community is built up over the years and culminates at the senior prom. Exclusion from any part of this event causes individual to lose their sense of identity as a part of this community. Works Cited Anderson, Ann. High School Prom: Marketing, Morals, and the American Teen. Jefferson, NC: McFarland &, 2012. Print. Krupnick, Ellie. Prom Dresses, Prom Hairstyles, Prom Makeup: How Much Does Prom 2012 Cost? †Ã‚  The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonP ost. com, 19 Apr. 2012. Web. 22 Oct. 2012. â€Å"Prom Night Statistics. †Ã‚  Statistic Brain. N. p. , n. d. Web. 22 Oct. 2012. . Works Consulted Best, Amy L. Prom Night: Youth, Schools, and Popular Culture. New York: Routledge, 2000. Print. Fleischer, Myra C. â€Å"Expensive Proms Increase Pressure on Teens to Have Sex. â€Å"Washington Times Communities. The Washington Times, 25 May 2012. Web. 22 Oct. 2012.

Problems With the Status Quo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Problems With the Status Quo - Essay Example The reason of this is substitution for supplier that dispatches raw materials with poor quality. Though new supplier proposes affordable prices, frequently he makes delays in delivery of materials that affect the terms of producing finished commodity. Moreover, delays in production also occur because of the low qualification and professional skills of the workers, who may show habitual negligence concerning their responsibilities. Nevertheless manufacturing capacities allow to produce bigger number of goods, there is an absence of required level of demand for our products and decrease of workers’ motivation that hampers further expansion of production. In addition, the question about regulations of smoking personnel is still open. Present policy of smokers develops gaps in working time that influences on productivity of labor. On the top of everything, relations in our collective have spoilt drastically. Atmosphere is quite intense and unfriendly, causing intractability and st ress. According to stated problems, it is essential to find solutions a.s.a.p. If you have any ideas, I would be grateful to get your help. Kind regards, Name Dear Friend, With this letter I want to express my gratitude for your sympathy and support. It means a lot for me.

The web and visual arts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The web and visual arts - Essay Example Furthermore, the differences in interpretation are significant in influencing the opinions and perceptions of readers. Nonetheless, additional sources add extra information on the subject matter that would have been omitted by other sources. Therefore, this paper will discuss the different analysis of this piece of art by sources from Wikipedia, National Gallery website and Visual Arts-Cork website and provide a correlation with the discussions we have had in class. Firstly, Wikipedia provides up to date information just about anything historical, academic or non-academic. With regards to its analysis of The Portrait of a Man in a Red Turban, it offers information on its history, frame, inscription, description and significance. Furthermore, the presentation is simple and accessible to anyone interested in historical paintings. For instance, it details the artist’s background, his date of birth and how the concept of the painting came about when he was in exile. It influences our perception on the artistic masterpiece that Jan van Eyck drew and paints an image of an artist with exceptional abilities. The intended audience is the general web user who has an interest in artistic, historical works. Additionally, it correlates with the discussions we have had in class on the history of art, albeit Wikipedia delves a little further and is more informative. Secondly, Visual Arts-Cork is an independent website with information on The Portrait of a Man in a Red Turban by Jan van Eyck.

International Business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

International Business - Assignment Example A meeting is held between the members of World Trade Organization once in every two years. It has a general council which makes sure that the conference’s decisions are being implemented to its fullest. The headquarters of World Trade Organization is located in Geneva, Switzerland. Wallach, (2004, pp. 69-87) The World Trade Organization has been working on a Doha Development Agenda  also known as the Doha Round. This negotiation started in 2001 which is being done in order to treat poorer countries in an equitable manner and not to give undue benefit to richer countries. However, a World Trade Organization has not been able to reach on to a decision as because there are countries which have a different opinion on the matter. There is a disagreement between exporters of the agricultural commodities and countries which have a large number of farmers so as to protect the farmers from surges in imports. Maintaining peace is the top priority of World Trade Organization. World Trade Organization makes sure that the trade between the countries takes place smoothly and there are healthy and professional relationships being created in the process. As far as free trade and sales is concerned, World Trade Organization plays the role of a middleman between the countries responsible for building confidence in the concept of free trade. Had there been a dispute, both sides would lose. It helps countries reach a consensus in their decisions after negotiations. Bossche, (2008) When two super powers are trying to have a consensus although they are not on the same wavelength, then disputes arise. World Trade Organization helps solving disputes like these in a constructive manner. The World Trade Organization has a set of rules which the countries are bound to follow in order to avoid these disputes. It is said that the weaker counties try to enjoy more bargaining power as they are the deprived ones among the other countries; however, the World Trade

Strategic management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words - 1

Strategic management - Essay Example It does use all its operational activities in a very effective manner. The biggest positive advantage that the company has is that the way in which the company has understood the requirements of the customers in different locations. The way they have been able to achieve the customers satisfaction is an incredible achievement for the company. Tesco is passionate and also successful in building and developing the skills and talent among the employees from their own resources itself. The organizational culture followed in the company has allowed each employee to work in a very efficient manner and also as a single team. All the employees do work towards a common goal and objective. The company has also got a huge competitive advantage in the way it adapts itself to the changing market environment and thus the business process is very flexible in Tesco. The huge capital that the company has in its balance does provide Tesco with lot of stability and also take decisions which have lots o f risks involved but with their success the company gets lots of benefits. This model of resource-based view does puts lots of focus on the way the internal capabilities of the organization is been utilised by the company for achieving its goals and for getting competitive advantage in the global competitive market. The internal capabilities of the company shows the way the company can make its strategies that can provide the company with lot of competitive advantage over the competitors. These internal capabilities of the organization do help the company to create value chain for the stakeholders and also for the customers. In Tesco the internal resources are the employees, equipments, cash flow and other resources. The company does make sure that all the internal resources of the company are been utilised in the best possible way and in most efficiently and

Oil Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Oil Industry - Essay Example The factors that lead to affect the demand for oil include the cyclical demand, the prices of the substitutes, changes in climate and the market speculation. When there is an increase in the prices of oil the demand remains constant. A very large change in the price of oil leads to a very minute impact on the demand and therefore the short-term demand curve is shown like this: The supply of the conventional oil is relatively inelastic. This is so because the actual total cost of pumping the marginal barrel of the oil is comparatively low, once all capital expenses of building and prospecting an oil rig has been established. The oilfield will always cost the same roughly to operate whether producing at full capacity or at 50 percent capacity but in most cases the producers try their best to produce at the maximum sustainable rate. The short-run supply of oil is affected by the profit motive, spare capacity, stocks available for the immediate supply especially from the oil refineries and the external shocks (Zucchetto, 2006, p.45). The result of the demand and supply trends is that the oil market is affected and operates at a point where the small changes either to the supply curve or to the demand curve usually causes very large changes in the clearing price. The high demand of oil matched against the inelastic oil short run supply drive the market prices higher as depicted by the diagram below. A rise in demand causes a decrease in oil stocks at the main global refineries and forces the prices higher. It acts as an indicator to suppliers to increase production. There are time lags amid a change in price and the extra supply coming on stream. The demand for the oil is price inelastic. The combination of an inelastic supply and demand helps to clarify some of the instability in world oil prices (The Economist Newspaper Ltd, 2004, pp.8378-8381). Adding new capacity is expensive and time-consuming. Over time, both the businesses and the individuals have their ways of cutting back the oil consumption due to the high prices; this promotes new investments in production and the discovery of new sources of the market. This gradually restores the supply-demand balance. Changes in the supply curve can be caused by some restrictions on the supply made by the sellers' cartels. An example is the oil shocks of 1973 where OPEC announced that it would not sell any more oil to the US and would limit the overall oil output. This in turn meant that for a given price level, the oil supplied would be less because the supply curve shifts upwards. The changes on the supply caused by natural factors like the Hurricane Katrina which totally knocked out the production of oil in the Gulf of Mexico. The supply curve is shifted to the left and therefore the prices rise. An increase in the market due to some emerging markets causes the demand curve t o move to the right such that for any level of price given, the more the oil is demanded. In the long run the demand and the supply of oil is remarkably elastic, there is no over supply or under supply it is only the price at which the market clears. A high oil price in the long run encourages the consumers

Elemental Cost Plan for Commercial Office Development Research Paper

Elemental Cost Plan for Commercial Office Development - Research Paper Example Total steel/ metal required is approximated to be around 300 kgs .This done taking into consideration that CPA is 951.6 sq.mtr .Labor cost is assumed to be 16 pounds/ sq.mtr for entire work. Equipment charges are assumed to be around 3000 pounds Material cost = 400 x 30=12000 pounds Labor charges = 16 x 951.6=15225.6 pounds Total cost = 12000 + 15225.6 +3000=30225.6 pounds Total masonry and concrete required per sq.mtr is assumed to be 0.6 kgs per sq.mtr. Labour charges for entire work are assumed to be around twice the material required. Material cost = 0.6 x 951.6 x (64 +5) =39,396 pounds Labor charges = 2 x 39396 = 78792 pounds Total cost = 39396 + 78792 =118188 pounds Total area to be insulated is approximately around 1000 sq m. This includes all external walls .The area is calculated from the available drawings. The rate of insulating material is taken 8 pounds /sq.mtr from the above table. Labor charges are taken to be around 4000 pounds for above project. Total cost = 8 x 1000 +4000=12000 pounds Total number of doors of ground floor = 32 No of doors on first floor =25 ... Insulation :- Total area to be insulated is approximately around 1000 sq m. This includes all external walls .The area is calculated from the available drawings. The rate of insulating material is taken 8 pounds /sq.mtr from the above table. Labor charges are taken to be around 4000 pounds for above project. Total cost = 8 x 1000 +4000=12000 pounds Doors and windows:- Total number of doors of ground floor = 32 No of doors on first floor =25 Number of windows = 53 Wood work rate is 114 pounds / sq mtr. Assuming 100 pounds are required to make one door and 100 pounds to make one window. These include material and labor charges. Total cost = 55 x 100 + 53 x 100 = 10,800 pounds. Exterior trim and finish:- Total exterior area is approximately 480 sq. mtr. Material rate is assumed to be 50 pounds/sq.mtr Labor rate is taken as 27 pounds / sq.mtr. Material cost = 480 x 50=24000 pounds Labor charges = 480x 27=12960 pounds Total cost = 24000 + 12960 =36960 pounds Gable roof rafters, Gable roof trusses, Gable roofing:-Total roof area is calculated and comes out to be 415 sq.mtr approximately. The rate is from the table is 37 pounds /per sq.mtr. pounds for gable roof rafters, roof trusses and roofing.

The Escape Essay Example for Free

The Escape Essay The text under consideration is the short story â€Å"The Escape† written by a famous English writer Somerset Maugham. The story deals with the author’s speculation of the question of marriages, especially the possibility of men to escape it. There is no exposition, therefore we can only guess by the contents where and when the settings set on. At the beginning of the text the author expresses his conviction that only an instant flight can save a man from a woman, if she made up her mind to marry him. Further on the author recollects a case when even such flight couldn’t save the poor man. The author passes on to another story of a man, whose name was Roger Charing, who managed to extricate himself in such circumstances. The author introduces to us a girl – Ruth Barlow –whom he fell in love with, draws special attention to her eyes and the impression they made on men. He also depicts the misery of the girl’s life, as everyone treated her very badly and nothing ever went right with her. Further on the author disclosed some information concerning Ruth’s character, mainly from the point of view of the narrator. The author touches upon Roger’s attitude to her, saying that he was very happy, for he committed a good action and at the same time did something he had very much a mind to. In the next passage the author suddenly changes the mood of the narration saying that Roger fell out of love. He points out Roger’s intentions not to let Ruth marry him by any means. But then the author dwells upon the difficulty of the situation he was in, because now he realized what sort of woman he had to deal with. After that the author describes the method that Roger used to get rid of Ruth: he said that until they found a perfect house they wouldn’t get married. The author points out that it took years for them to search for the suitable house, they visited thousands of them, but still couldn’t find anything. The author shows the change in Ruth’s mood as the years go by: she becomes more and more irritated, disappointed and even angry. The author describes the outcome of this story in two letters: one from Ruth, in which she tells that she found some other man who is willing to marry her. The other letter is the Roger’s reply, in which he pretends to be shocked and depressed by this news, and sends to her another list of houses that will suit her perfectly. Precis The short story â€Å"The Escape† by Somerset Maugham is a humorous and witty narration about Roger Charing who managed to escape from Ruth Barrow that had made up her mind to marry him. Being old enough and having much experience, Roger decided to use the search of a perfect house as an excuse not to marry her, until she understood that he didn’t love her and found another man to marry. Gist Roger Charing, a character of the story â€Å"The Escape† by Somerset Maugham, once fell in love with Ruth Barrow, but later his love disappeared and in order not to let her marry him, he made searches of a perfect house last endlessly, until she decided to leave him.

Mr Rochester Character Analysis

Mr Rochester Character Analysis Edward Rochester does not resemble a hero portrayed in fairy tales, characters who remain static throughout the plot. He is rather a dynamic and round character that changes notably. He has values that are far from freedom, respect, and integrity. In his behaviours to Jane, one can notice dramatic changes. First of all, his being passionate, guided by his senses rather than his rational mind, drags him to marry an insane woman. The situation of being married to a mad woman, and further being lied to by his own family for money matters, makes him an outcast despite of his high social status. He feels trapped and all the lies Rochester believes soon form a sense of distrust, and cause him grow more and more distant from society. Secondly, Rochester is a cynical rebel who refuses to accept and yield to the orders of society. It is only when he meets Jane, a woman who is intellectually equal to him and morally superior than him and who understands his true nature, that his sensitivity is revealed. He completely fails to notice his social rank and ignores others opinions, and clearly falls in love with Jane. Rather than holding appropriate class boundaries, Rochester makes her feel as if he were my relation rather than my master. (242) He loves Jane in a physically plain but in a mentally deep way which shows that he is not shallow. However, his unfortunate marriage to Bertha Mason becomes an obstacle to his union with Jane.This time Rochester,ÂÂ  purposely outcasts himself from his former enchained life with Bertha in search for a real chance for true love. A great deal is written and discussed about Rochesters marriage and character which comes along with a lot of questions. Even though Rochester didnt know his wife was insane, can he be blamed for the marriage to a woman he hardly knew? Under English law at the time, a man whose wife became insane could not get a divorce. But is Mr. Rochesters way to deal with this problem by hiding his mad wife away the right thing to do? And does the fact that he thinks he deserves happiness give him the right to deceive the woman he loves? It is true that he is madly in love with Jane, yet the fact remains that his approach to win and secure her as a wife was wrong for Mr. Rochester was very inconsiderate of the reality. He did not care about what kind of a position it would put the others when he got what he wished, marrying Jane. Rochester was determined to marry her and he did not think about the immorality of the marriage considering he was already married to Bertha Manson even though one can guess it would be devastating for Jane. However Jane brings out the best in him especially as the story advances toward the end, their differences causes the enlightenment. Bronte uses Jane as a light to shed on Rochesters character. In the end he becomes a new man, his dark secrets and qualities ceases to be a part of his life. As I mentioned in the beginning, the basis of Rochesters flawed life was his dark secrets, and past along with a scandal or sin. And all these become forgivable only when the actual circumstance is revealed and when all the hidden facts are lightened. He is the first person in the novel to offer Jane lasting love and a real home. Although Rochester is Janes social and economic superior, and although men were widely considered to be naturally superior to women in the Victorian period, Jane is Rochesters intellectual equal. Moreover, Jane proves to be his moral superior after the fact that Rochesters marriage to Bertha is revealed. Prior to meeting Jane his character was wild and impulsive. Jane helped him heal his wounds and confront with himself. Keeping secrets about himself and his past could do nothing good for him but only promoted dishonesty and destroyed his relationship with Jane. And only when he could break the chains from his past could he be free and become a new man. Towa rds the end of the novel, Rochester grows and develops from his suffering allowing the two characters to move on and find happiness together. He finally pays for his sins, he becomes a suitably gentle husband for Jane, who morally guides and corrects him at novels end.

The Apathetic Generation :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays

The Apathetic Generation The â€Å"Greatest Generation,† the generation of our grandparents, was the generation that beat the enemy down in the European and Pacific theater with pure determination and will. That generation showed past and future generations what it meant to be a strong, steadfast, and hardworking nation with determination. During this election, rumors of a draft, a draft to help fray some of the casualties that we have been encoring while fighting the War on Terror, have circulated. The re-staffing of draft boards and the introduction of a draft reinstatement bills by Rep. Charles Rangel (D-NY) can be looked upon as a catalyst to these rumblings. Young adults across the nation have been in chat rooms talking about how this war is another Vietnam and how there is no way they will be drafted. This is such a touchy subject that President Bush said during the debate that the U.S. Armed Forces will stay an all-volunteer force. Our grandparents’ generation would never have said how they wouldn’t go to war if the government asked them. You may say that was a different time. But both WWII and this war began with attacks on our soil. If the draft is reinstated, would that be the worst thing to happen to this country? I admit it would be a devastating blow to us in regards to morale, but it would not be the worst thing to happen . Our generation is a generation of softies. We have no idea what it means to sacrifice things like metal, iron, pantyhose, and even butter for the greater good of a national cause. Our generation has a bigger fight than the â€Å"Greatest Generation.† We are fighting a war with an ideology, not a government. We are fighting a group of people who hate us because of our love for freedom. If a draft is part of the American fabric, we should be leery of it. But at the same time, if we don’t have the men to fight this war, we will lose our way of life, a way of life that may never be regained. This period of history is the most uncertain in modern times. We may disagree with the politics of the day, but if you take the politics away you still have a war that needs to be won. Won with the characteristics of the â€Å"Greatest Generation† that have been lost within the era of computers and self indulgence.

Ergonomics Organizational Ergonomics

QUESTION 4. DICUSS ERGONOMICS. HOW IS ERGONOMICS RELATED TO QUALITY? Ergonomics is also known as human factors engineering. It is the study concerned with the understanding of the interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theoretical principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well being and overall system performance. Ergonomics is the study of work in relation to the environment in which it is performed (the workplace) and those who perform it (workers).It is used to determine how the workplace can be designed or adapted to the worker in order to prevent a variety of health problems and to increase efficiency as well as quality of products and services. The study helps in understanding how work is done and how to work better towards quality improvement. Domains of Specialization Ergonomics denotes the science of work; it is a systems-oriented discipline, which now applies to all aspects of human activity.Ergonomi sts must have a broad understanding of the full scope of the discipline, taking into account the physical, cognitive, social, organizational, environmental and other relevant factors since domains of specialization represent deeper competencies in specific human attributes or characteristics of human interaction:- †¢Physical Ergonomics Physical ergonomics is concerned with human anatomical, anthropometric, physiological and biomechanical characteristics as they relate to physical activity.The relevant topics include working postures, materials handling, repetitive movements, work-related musculoskeletal disorders, workplace layout, safety and health. †¢Cognitive Ergonomics Cognitive ergonomics is concerned with mental processes, such as perception, memory, reasoning, and motor response, as they affect interactions among humans and other elements of a system.The relevant topics include mental workload, decision-making, skilled performance, human-computer interaction, human reliability, work stress and training as these may relate to human-system design. †¢Organizational Ergonomics Organizational ergonomics is concerned with the optimization of sociotechnical systems, including their organizational structures, policies, and processes so as to id in quality improvement in every aspect of the organization. The relevant topics include communication amongst workers & departments, crew resource management, work design, design of working times, teamwork, participatory design, community ergonomics, cooperative work, new work paradigms, organizational culture, virtual organizations, tele-work, and quality management.?